Comparison of inhalational methoxyflurane, intranasal fentanyl, and intravenous morphine for treatment of prehospital acute pain in Norway (PreMeFen): a randomised, non-inferiority, three-arm, phase 3 trial.

Comparison of inhalational methoxyflurane, intranasal fentanyl, and intravenous morphine for treatment of prehospital acute pain in Norway (PreMeFen): a randomised, non-inferiority, three-arm, phase 3 trial.

Comparison of inhalational methoxyflurane, intranasal fentanyl, and intravenous morphine for treatment of prehospital acute pain in Norway (PreMeFen): a randomised, non-inferiority, three-arm, phase 3 trial Simensen R, et al. Lancet. 2025 Dec 20;406(10522):2957-2967....
Out-of-Hospital Intranasal Ketamine as an Adjunct to Fentanyl for the Treatment of Acute Traumatic Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Out-of-Hospital Intranasal Ketamine as an Adjunct to Fentanyl for the Treatment of Acute Traumatic Pain: A Randomized Clinical Trial

Methodology: 4/5 Usefulness: 2/5 McMullan JT, et al. Ann Emerg Med. 2024 Oct;84(4):363-373. doi: 10.1016/j.annemergmed.2024.04.018.  Question and Methods: This out of hospital, placebo-controlled, blinded, parallel group RCT compared reduction in pain scores between...
Dexamethasone and ketorolac compare with ketorolac alone in acute renal colic: A randomized clinical trial

Dexamethasone and ketorolac compare with ketorolac alone in acute renal colic: A randomized clinical trial

Methodology: 2.5/5 Usefulness: 2.5/5 Razi A, et al. Am J Emerg Med. 2022 Aug;58:245-250.  Question and Methods: This single-center, RCT of 120  patients with acute renal colic compared pain control and antiemetic use with dexamethasone + ketorolac compared to...